Apparatus for preparing pulverulent materials for molding or briqueting.



No. 852.024. 7 PATENTBD APR. 30. 1907.

G. J; MASHEK.

APPARATUS FOR PREPARING PULVBRULBNT MATERIALS FOR MOLDING OR BRIQUETING.

APPLICATION FILED JULY3. 1906. I

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No.852.0251, G J MASHEK PATENTED APR. 30, 1907.

APPARATUS FOR PREPARING PULVERULBNT MATERIALS FOR MOLDING 0R BRIQUBTING. APPiJOA'IIOI FILED JULYS. 1906.

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Attorneys.

PAIENTED APR. 30

G. J. MASHEK. APPARATUS FOR PREPARING PULVERULBNT MATERIALS FOR MOLDING OR BRIQUBTING.

APPLIOATION TILED JULY a. 1906.

Inventor w I m f him Q4 I All mcys.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE J. MASHEK, OF NEWARK, NEW' JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR PREPARING PULVERULENT MATERIALS FOR MOLDING R BRlQUETlNG.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 30, 1 90' Application filed July 3.19Q6. Serial No. 324,623.

Jersey, have invented a certain new and use- -iul Improvement in Apparatus for Preparing Pulverulent Materials for Molding or Briqueting, of which the following is a description.

The object I have in View is to produce a a: simple and eii'ective apparatus for preparing loose, crushed or pulverized material, such fuel or mineral dust, for inoiding or briqueting, and particularly for suitably drying the material, for mixing the binocr with the dried 1-5 and warm product, and for then cooling and v finishing the material to thecondition where it can be most ei'l'ectively handled in molding and ,briqueting machines.

The apparatus designed .to carry out the process invented by me, which process is made the subject of a contemporaneous application for patent (Serial No. 324,624 filed July 3,1906).

, In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a plan View of the a paratus; Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the ine 22 in Fig. 1 Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the learner" lor diluting and discharging the pitch; Fig. 4 is a cross-section on the line 44 in Fig. 3; Fig.

5 is an end elevation oi the discharge end of the foamer; Fig. 6 is a plan View ol the door for closing the top of the apparatus above the foamer; Fig. 7 is an elevation ol the apparatus showing a means for driving the shafts of 5 the several chambers; Figs. 8 and 9 are, re-

spectively, an edge view and a side view of one otthe shaft blades; and Fig. 10 is a cross-section on line 10--10 in Fig.9.

The apparatus consists of a number of horizontally arranged chambers placed so that one discharges into the other, the chambers being located successively 1n the direc- 'tion of the llow of the material at lower elevations, so that one discharges into the other by of chambers required to thonmghly dry the pulverulent n'iaterial, since in order to use pitch as a binder ccomunically, the material must first be thoroughly dried before the 55 pitch is applied, as even a small percentage 01" moisture remaining in the material will pregravity, leaving no dead spaces l'or the matei greater the moisture, the greater the number arranged in any other way so long as they are successively at lower elevations. The construction ol these chambers is practically alike. T he y a re horizontally arranged chambers having rounded bottoms, and are built either 01 sheet steel su )ported by angle iron, or sheet steel lined wit 1 brick, or entirely ol brick. A little below the center ol each chamber a shaft 8 is run longitudinally through it. This shalt projects beyond the end'walls of the chamber and is supported by bearings outside of the end walls, and has a pulley or other suitable means for applying power to it. On the shaft within each chamber are mounted radially a number ofblades 9, which have a slight pitch so as to feed the material -forward. Each blade-is also preferably provided with a small lip 32 (Fig. 9) on its outer end, 10 is a feed spent for feeding the pulverulent material into the top of the chamber A near its outer end, while 11 is a stack rising from the top of the chamber A at its outer end -lor carrying oif the hot gases used in drying the material. Near the inner end oi the chamber A is a furnace 12, which delivers its products 01 combustion through llues 27 (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1) to one side of the chamber A near its top wall and well above the bladecarrying shalt. Another heating furnace 13 is connected by llues 2b with the chamber B near its discharge end for a purpose which will be presently explained. The chamber A is placed at a sullicicntly higher elevation than the chamber .8 so that the lOI'IllOl discharges into the latter at their connecting 1 ends, 'as illustrated in Fig. 2, and likewise the chamber 13 is located above and discharges by gravity into the chamber 0, as shown in Fig. 2. The chamber C at its discharge end discharges into an elevator pit 14 l or is connected with any suitable form ol conveyor for conveying the material to the molding or briqueting machines. At the inner end of the chamber C is a stack or'air pipe 2), provided with a steam jet 30 pointmg toward its outlet. This steam jet regulated by a valve 31, that so a regulated outward dral't can be produced in the stack 29 for drawing air through the chamber 0 from the pit M.

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At the intersection of the chambers A and into the receiv ng end of the chamber B.

This apparatus lsconstructed o." two concentr1c pipes 15, 16 placed one within the other and leaving between them a steam space .17.

At the-receiving end of he foamer a twopart head 18 is provided, having screw connections with. the inner and outer pipes 15., 16, forming an expansion flange for taking up any unequal expansion in the apparatus. At the (lischarge'end. of the foamer the two pipes are sereweddnto a discharging head 19 which closes the space between the pipes and provides a spout 20 forguiding the pitch in its-diseherge from the foamer. Connected with the" outer pipe 16 of the foamer so as to deliver superheated steam into the space 17 is a steam pipe 21 for maintaining the pitch in the ioamer at the proper tem erature. A drip pipe 22 for the Water of com ensation in the space 17 is connected with the head 18.

.The head 18'is elso-provided with pipes 23 and 24, through which the pitclrand water are respectively delivered to the 'foamer. A drain pipe 25 is also connected with the head 1 8 to draw off the pitch from the toamer .when the apparatus is not in operation, so as to prevent the pitch from solidityingwhen the steam is shut oll'. The foamer is set at an angle, as illustrated in Fig. 2, its discharging end being higher than its receiving end. A cast iron door 26 is employed for" closing the opening above the discharge "end of the foamer, and this door may be conveniently hinged upon the head ll)v of the foamer.

The operation ol the apparatus is as follows: The pnlverulent. material is t ed continuonsb in a regulated quantitythrough the. spout it) into the receiving end of the heating and drying chamber A. The shaft of this chamber is driven at a sutliciently :lngh velocity to keep the pulvcrulcnt matc- 'I'Hll \Vllll its particles in a separated cond1- tion as it passes through the chamber. iVith blades of the construction described having a radius ol'. twelve inches, at specd of abdut 1S0 revolutions per minute is sutlicient to produce this result. the rotation ol' the blades at this high speed,

is thrown up against the roof or cover of the chgunber, and is showered doi'vmvanlly again to the bottom of the chamber. At the same time the material is advanced slowly from .For this purpose it is desirable that. the

the feed hop'icr to the discharge end of the chamber. 'lhchot gases of combustion from the furnace l2 entering the chamber. near its discharging end, pass through the showered and separated material in a direction o ,pp0'

site to the [low of that material throughthe chamber. 'lhese gases take up the moisture il'roin the material, drying and mating it, and

escape through the stack ll.

The material is delivered n a thoroughly bein "sullicientto maintain the temwerature rs l 'lhcmaterialis lifted by eiontly to produce this cooling cil'ect.

dried and heated condition at the d'ischarg ing end of thedrying and heating chamber A into the, receiving end of the mixing chamber B. At this point the binder,'preferably in the form of diluted coal-tar or asphaltum: pitch, is added to the material. The pitch isv in a heated and highly fluid condition, and

is fed continuousl 0 through the pipe 23 to the foamer D in regulated quantities, the necessary amount of Water being fed continuously 7;

to the pitch through the pi e 244;, By reason of the heat furnished by tie steam supplied through the pipe 21 to the shell of the foamer, the pitch is maintai'nedin a heated and liquid condition, and in this condition the Water unites and thoroughly mixes with it, making a large volume OffOELlH of diluted pitch,

Whichrapidly rises and is discharged over the spout at the u'pperend of the'foamer,

falling upon the dried and heated pulverulent material in the bottom .of the mixer B atits'receiving end. The shaft in the mixer B is run at a lower speed than that of thedrier A, so'thatthe blades will not throw the materialto the top of the mixer, but will mix the binder" thoroughly ivith the pulverulent material by the stirring action of the bladesupon the material inthe bottom of the mixing chamber. lVith'blades having-a radius of twelve inches, a suitable-speed for the shalt ofthe mixer-.B will be about MO revolutions per: minute. The furnace 13 connected with the mixer B will be operated when the aparatus is started, so as to heat the mixer up to the same temperature as the material which is deliveredto it from the drier After this condition has been reached, the furnace l.3 may be entirely shut oll', the heat from thepnlve rulent material I in the mixer 13, or the furnace 13 can be tired inst snlliciently to' maintain the temperature. The. hot gases from the furnace 13 pass, through the mixer 15 into'the drier-A, and through the drier into fllG'Slltli 11 with the gases from the l'ilrnace l2. v

The material is delivered by the mixer B to the cooling chamber C. At this time the temperature ot the material may be and usu-' ally is slightly higher than is desirable for making a good briquet, the pitch being too liquid; but byrunningthe material through the cooler it will be slightly cook 1, so as to bring the pitch to the plastic point or to the temperature most suitable for the press.

blades in'the cooler 0 should have a somewhat higher speed than those of-the mixer B so as to toss and shower the material sufli- With blades of the radius specified, a speed of abont'HiS revolutions per minute has been found suitable for the shaft of the cooler Q.

Thestoa'm jet 30 in the stack 29 will be regulated so asto produce sntlic-ient draft in 130 material.

. materials the stack to draw the required amount ol air through the chamber 0 to produce the proper cooling effect.

convenient manner of driving the three shafts off, the apparatus so as to maintain their proper relative speeds is shown in F 7. The shaft 33 is driven by the prime mover by means of the belt 34, and from pulleys on the shaft 33 belts 35, 3b and 37, ex- I 'tend to pulleys on the ends of the shafts of the chambers A, B and C, respectively, these pulleys being so proportioned that with the required speed of the shaft 33 the shafts of e chambers A, B and C, will be given the speeds of rotation before stated.

e drying, mixing and cooling chambers can'be arranged in any convenient or suitable way to economize floor space, and their construction may be 'varied from that illustrated in the drawings. Experience has shown that as many as six chambers in a scries can be used to advantage on very wet Three chambers is the minimum number that should be employed, although fair results have been obtained by the use of only two chambers, one for drying the pulveru'lent material and one for mixing the binder therewith. When very Wet, additional furnaces may be added to the, drying chamber or chambers, in all of which theshai'ts will be run at a high speed so as to shower the material and subject its particles in a separated condition to the action of the rying gases.

e operation of the apparatus is contin lions and practically automatic, and has been found to be highly liicicnt, practically all the heat from the products of combustionbc- 111g utilized.

that I claim is:

1. In apparatus for preparing pul'vcrulent materials for molding or .briqueting, the combination ol a drying chamber, meansfor showering the pulverulent material in such drying chamber whereby the pulvcrulcnt material will be maintained with its particles in a separated condition in such drying chamber, means for passing heating and drying'gases through such drying chamber in contact with such separated particles, a mixing chamber receiving the heated and dried material from the drying chamber, means [or delivering a binder to the material in the mixing chamber, and means in said mixing chamber for mixing the binder with the heatlorth.

2. In apparatus for preparing pulverulent for molding or briqucting, 'the combination of a drying chamber, means for showerin the pulverulent material in such drying (iianlber whereby the pulv'crulont ed and dried material, substantially as setmaterial will be maintained with its particles in a separated condition in such drying chamer, meansfor passing heating and drying the material is l gases through such drying chamber in contact with such separated particles, a mixing chambcrreceiving the heated and dried material from the drying chamber, means l'ordclivering a bindcrto the material in the mixing chambcr,-aml rotatingstirrer-s lorstirringthc binder into the heated and dried pulvcrulent material in'the mixing chamber, substantially as set l'orth.

3. in apparatus for preparing pulvcrulcnt materials for molding or briqucting, the combination ol horizontally arranged drying and mixing chambers connected in succcssion, rotating shal'ts passing longitudinally through said chambers and carrying blades for acting upon the material, and means for rotating such shal'ts at dill'crent speeds, so as to shower the material in the drying chamber but not in the mixing chamber, substantially as set forth.

4. ln apparatus for preparing pulvcrulcnt materials for molding or briquotin the combination of horizontally arranged urying and mixing chambers connected in succession, rotating shafts running longitudinally through both said chambers and carrying blades for acting upon the nnitcrial, means for rotating such shafts at dill'ercnt speeds so as to shower the material in the drying chamber but not in the mixing chamber, and a furnace l'or dclivcring heating and drying gases to the drying chamber, substantially as set forth.

in apparatus for preparing pulverulcnt' materials for molding or briqucting, the combination of horizontally arranged drying and mixing chanibersconnected in succession, rotating shafts running longitudinally through both said chambers and carrying blades lor acting upon the material, means for rotating suchshal'ts at different speeds so as to showcl' the material in the drying chamber but not in the mixing chamber, a furnace for delivering heating and drying gases to the drying chamber, and a furnace lor delivering heating gases to the mixing chamber [or maintaining the temperature of the latter chamber, sub.- stantially as set fortln 6. ln apparatus for preparing pulvcrulcnt materials for 'molding or b1'i(pu-!ting,'the combination of drying, mixing and cooling ('ll2LlIll)uIS, means for feeding the material through these chambers in succession, means for delivering heating and drying gases to the drying -hamber, means for feeding a binder to the ihixing chamber, and means for drawing air through the cooling chamber, substanlially as sot forth.

7. ln apparatus for prcparing pulverulent materials lor molding or briqucting, the combination of a drying chambcr, means for maintaining the pulvcrulcnl material with its particles in a separated condition in such drying chamber, menus for passing heating and drying gases through said drying chamber, a mixing chamber rm-ciying the hcatcd and Urn-d material from the drying chamber, means l'or delivering a binder to the material in the mixing chamber, means in aid mixing chamber for mixing the binder With the heated and dried material, a cooling chamber i'ecch ing the material from the 'i'nixing chamber, and means for drawing air through the cooling'chamber, substantially S, S Cil forth; v 'f 1111 apparatus for preparing pulverulent "materials for molding orbriquetin g, the cornbination of horizontally arranged drymg,

nally thro "h these chambers and carrying V stirring 'a'nt feeding blades, and means for driving the blades in the mixing chamber at a lower speed than theblades in the drying and cooling chambers,- substantially as set forth.

10. In apparatus for preparing pulverulent materials for .I'nolding or briqueting, the combination-of horizontal drying, mixing and cooling chambers located at successively lowerelevations and discharging directly one into another, means forfeeding the material through these chambers successively, means For supplying heating and drying gases to the drying chamber, means for supplyinga binder to the mixing chamber, and means for supplying a cooling medium to j the cooling chamber, substantially as set forth.

11. In apparatus for preparing pulverulent materials for molding {or briqueting, the

the blades in the mixing chamber at combination with a mixer in which the v o J Verulent material and binder are mixe means for producing pitchfoam and means fordeliv'ering the pitchfoam to such mixer, substantially as set forth.

12. In apparatus for preparmg pulverulent or briqueting," the materials for moldin combination with armxerin which the pul- Verulent material and binder are mixed, of a pitchfoamer comprising a chamber, means for deliverin pitch andwater to said chamher and means for maintaining said chamber in a heated condition so as to cause the pitch and Water to unlte and form pltchfoam; and; means for delivering the pitchfoam to such mixer, substantially as set forth.

13. In apparatus for prep armg pulverulent materials for molding or briqueting', a pitch foainer having in combination a chamber, a

steam jacket surrounding said-chamber,

means for deliverin melted pitch and Water to the bottom of sair chamber, and an opening for discharging pitch foani'at the top of said chamber, substantially as set forth. j

14. In apparatus for preparing pulverulent materials for molding or briquetmg, a pitch,

foamerhaving in combination concentric pipes forming a acketed chamber, an .ex' pansion flange connecting such pipes together at one end, a rigid connection between such pipes at the other .end, a pipe for supplying steam to the steam jacket, pipes for supply ing melted pitch and Water to the central chamber, a drip pipe for the steam jacket, and a draw-oh cock for drawin be the from the central chamber, sub

set forth.

This specification signed and witnessed this 27thday of June, 1906. I

. GEORGE J. MASHEK.

Witnesses:

. Jno. RoBT TAYLOR,

AUG. Lone.

itch sta'ntial y as 

